Comparison of Indian Educational Policies
| Aspect | 1968 Policy | 1986 Policy | 2020 NEP |
|---|---|---|---|
| Governance | Indira Gandhi | Rajiv Gandhi | Narendra Modi |
| Committee Formation | Kothari Commission (1964-66) | National Commission on Education (1985), chaired by Dr. K. L. Shrimali | K. Kasturirangan Committee |
| Objectives | Expand access, improve quality, foster national integration, enhance teacher training | Enhance access and equity, improve quality and relevance, strengthen vocational education | Promote holistic education, improve quality and equity, align education with industry needs |
| Major Recommendations | - Standardized curriculum - Improved teacher training - Enhanced primary and vocational education |
- Increased access for marginalized groups - Curriculum relevance - Strengthened vocational education |
- Flexible curriculum - Integrated vocational education - Technology integration |
| Focus Areas | Universal primary education, national integration | Regional disparities, quality improvement, vocational training | Holistic education, skill development, technology integration |
| Integration | Inclusion of regional languages and cultures | Unified structure for school education | Multidisciplinary and flexible curricula |
| Teacher Policy | Establishment of more training institutes | In-service training for teachers | Reforms in training and recruitment |
| Vocational Training | Expanded vocational training opportunities | Strengthened vocational education | Integrated from early stages |
| National Education Policy Framework | Initial framework for national education | Detailed framework for implementation and monitoring | Comprehensive modern framework |
| Funding | Increased funding for infrastructure and resources | Increased investment focusing on under-served regions | Enhanced public investment and resource allocation |
| Governance Context | Post-independence national integration | Economic and educational reforms during political transition | Contemporary issues like technology and globalization |
| Committee Influence | Recommendations from Kothari Commission | Findings from Shrimali Commission | Draft by Kasturirangan Committee |
| Curriculum Focus | Standardization, national integration | Relevance, vocational integration | Holistic, multidisciplinary |
| Teacher Training |
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Very informative and beautifully designed
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